Relative bioavailability of phosphorus and true amino acid digestibility by poultry as affected by soybean extraction time and use of low-phytate soybeans

Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana 61801, USA.

The objectives of this study were to determine if lengthening the time that soybeans (SB) spend in the extractor during preparation of soybean meal (SBM) results in increased relative bioavailability of phosphorus without negatively impacting true amino acid digestibilities, and to compare those modified SBM with that produced from a low-phytate SB. Three SBM were prepared under uniform conditions with the exception of the length of time SB spent in the extractor [45 min (300 rpm), 60 min (225 rpm), or 90 min (150 rpm)]. A SBM prepared from low-phytate SB was obtained for comparison. Relative phosphorus bioavailability in chicks and true amino acid digestibilities by cecectomized roosters were determined. Increasing the length of time that SB spent in the extractor from 45 to 90 min resulted in lower phytate phosphorus and increased phosphorus bioavailability from 34 to 56%. However, this increase came at the expense of available lysine status, with the SBM extracted for 90 min containing less total lysine and less digestible lysine than the SBM extracted for 45 min (traditional extraction time). Phosphorus bioavailability from SBM prepared from low-phytate SB was 1.5 times higher than for SBM extracted for 45 min. Increasing the length of time that SB spend in the extractor led to an increase in bioavailable phosphorus but a decrease in bioavailable lysine, potentially negating the positive effect on phosphorus.

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