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Strategies to Assess Structural Variation in the Chicken Genome and its Associations with Biodiversity and Biological Performance

M. Soller^*, S. Weigend, M. N. Romanov, J. C. M. Dekkers and S. J. Lamont^,1

^* Hebrew University of Jerusalem, 91904, Israel; Institute for Animal Breeding Mariensee, Federal Agricultural Research Centre, 31535 Neustadt, Germany; Arnold and Mabel Beckman Center for Conservation Research, Zoological Society of San Diego, Escondido, CA 92027; and Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, Ames 50011

¹ Corresponding author: sjlamont{at}iastate.edu

A primary goal in the assessment of structural variation in the avian genome is to understand the relationship of this variation with biodiversity and with biological performance. To develop such knowledge, certain essential tools are needed. One set of tools includes the laboratory techniques used to assess molecular genetic variation. The current time is a transitional one for this field, in that the recently sequenced chicken genome will add significantly to the portfolio of existing methods used to identify molecular markers. To most efficiently discover marker-trait associations, the experimental mapping populations must be appropriately designed and the relevant statistical analyses applied. This paper reviews methods for assessment of molecular markers in poultry and their use in the characterization of avian biodiversity and in studies to identify marker associations with biological traits, including important considerations of population structure and statistical analysis.

Key Words: structural variation • genome • biodiversity • quantitative trait gene • candidate gene

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