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Effects of Feeding Grains Naturally Contaminated with Fusarium Mycotoxins on Brain Regional Neurochemistry of Laying Hens, Turkey Poults, and Broiler Breeder Hens

M. Yegani^*, S. R. Chowdhury^*, N. Oinas, E. J. MacDonald and T. K. Smith^*,1

^* Department of Animal and Poultry Science, University of Guelph, Ontario, Canada N1G2W1; and Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Kuopio, Fin-70211, Finland

¹ Corresponding author: tsmith{at}uoguelph.ca

Three experiments were conducted to compare the effects of feeding blends of grains naturally contaminated with Fusarium mycotoxins on brain regional neurochemistry of laying hens, turkey poults, and broiler breeder hens. In Experiment 1, thirty-six 45-wk-old laying hens were fed diets including the following for 4 wk: 1) control, 2) contaminated grains, and 3) contaminated grains + 0.2% polymeric glucomannan mycotoxin adsorbent (GMA). Concentrations of brain neurotransmitters and metabolites were analyzed in pons, hypothalamus, and cortex by HPLC with electrochemical detection. Neurotransmitters and the metabolites measured included dopamine, 3,4-dihydroxylphenyacetic acid, homovanillic acid, serotonin [5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT)], 5-hydroxyindolacetic acid, epinephrine, and norepinephrine. The feeding of contaminated grains significantly increased concentrations of 5-HT and decreased the 5-hydroxyindolacetic acid:5-HT in the pons region in the brain stem. Dietary supplementation with GMA prevented these effects. There was no effect of diet on concentrations of other neurotransmitters or metabolites in the pons, hypothalamus, or cortex. In Experiment 2, thirty-six 1-d-old turkey poults were fed diets including the following for 4 wk: 1) control, 2) contaminated grains, and 3) contaminated grains + 0.2% GMA. Hypothalamic, pons, and cortex neurotransmitter concentrations were not affected by diet. In Experiment 3, forty-two 26-wk-old broiler breeder hens were fed diets including the following for 15 wk: 1) control, 2) contaminated grains, and 3) contaminated grains + 0.2% GMA. There was no effect of diet on neurotransmitter concentrations in the pons, hypothalamus, or cortex. It was concluded that differences in intraspecies effects of these mycotoxins on brain neurotransmitter concentrations might explain the intraspecies differences in the severity of Fusarium mycotoxin-induced reductions in feed intake.

Key Words: Fusarium mycotoxin • brain regional neurochemistry • laying hen • turkey poult • broiler breeder hen

This article has been cited by other articles:

				C. K. Girish, E. J. MacDonald, M. Scheinin, and T. K. Smith Effects of Feedborne Fusarium Mycotoxins on Brain Regional Neurochemistry of Turkeys Poult. Sci., July 1, 2008; 87(7): 1295 - 1302. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]