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Age-Related Influence of a Cocktail of Xylanase, Amylase, and Protease or Phytase Individually or in Combination in Broilers¹

O. A. Olukosi^*, A. J. Cowieson and O. Adeola^*,2

^* Department of Animal Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907; and Danisco Animal Nutrition, Marlborough, Wiltshire, SN8 1XN, UK

² Corresponding author: ladeola{at}purdue.edu

This 21-d experiment was conducted to determine if the response of chicks to a cocktail of xylanase, amylase, and protease (XAP) or Escherichia coli-derived phytase individually or in combination when fed a nutritionally marginal corn-soybean meal diet is age-dependent. Six hundred 1-d-old chicks were allocated to 5 dietary treatments in a randomized complete block design. The treatments were as follows: 1) positive control with supplemental inorganic P; 2) negative control (NC) marginal in P and ME; 3) NC plus XAP to provide (per kg of diet) 650, 1,650, and 4,000 U of xylanase, amylase, and protease, respectively; 4) NC plus phytase added to provide 1,000 phytase units/kg; and 5) NC plus a combination of XAP and phytase. Low ME and P in the NC diet depressed weight gain and gain:feed (P < 0.001). A cocktail of XAP alone did not improve performance, but phytase supplementation improved (P < 0.001) weight gain. The enzymes were additive in their effects on growth performance. The enzymes had no effect on ileal digestible energy. Ileal N digestibility was higher (P < 0.05) in diet with XAP or phytase individually compared with NC. Both phytase and XAP individually and in combination improved (P < 0.01) ileal P digestibility compared with NC. Total tract nutrient retention and ME increased (P < 0.01) as the birds grew older. There were age x diet interactions (P < 0.001) on total tract retention of P and Ca; improvement in P retention due to phytase use decreased by 50% as the chicks matured. The current study shows that a combination of XAP and phytase improved performance, but the enhancement in performance appears to be mainly from phytase. Both XAP and phytase were effective in improving P digestibility and retention of chicks receiving nutritionally marginal corn-soybean meal. The data also shows that the chicks benefited more from the enzyme addition at a younger age and that the contribution of the enzymes to nutrient retention decreased with age in chickens.

Key Words: age • broiler • carbohydrase • performance • phytase

¹ Journal paper no. 17925 of the Purdue University Agricultural Research Program.