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Poult Sci 2007. 86:1329-1335
© 2007 Poultry Science Association
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IMMUNOLOGY, HEALTH, AND DISEASE

Detection and Seroprevalence of Infectious Bronchitis Virus Strains in Commercial Poultry in Pakistan

Z. Ahmed*,1, K. Naeem* and A. Hameed{dagger}

* National Reference Laboratory for Poultry Diseases, Animal Sciences Institute, National Agricultural Research Center, Park Road, Islamabad, Pakistan; and {dagger} Department of Microbiology, Quaid-I-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan

1 Corresponding author: drzaheer{at}comsats.net.pk

This study was conducted to investigate the incidence of infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) in commercial broiler and layer flocks in Pakistan. Serum samples from 16 layers and 9 broiler flocks were screened against M-41, D-274, D-1466, and 4-91 strain antigens using hemagglutination inhibition assay. Overall, 88% of the flocks were seropositive for M-41 antibodies, whereas 40, 52, and 8% of the flocks were positive for D-274, D-1466, and 4-91 IBV strains, respectively. The M-41 antigen was also detected in lungs and tracheal tissues of the clinically positive infectious bronchitis cases. Phospholipase C treatment of the lung and tracheal tissue homogenates from IBV-positive chickens increased the detection limit for M-41 strain from 1.3% positive samples in simple hemagglutination assay to 30.6% positivity when the same samples were treated with phospholipase C. Similarly, reverse transcription-PCR was a much better M-41 detection tool as compared with the classical agar gel precipitation assay utilized to screen tissue homogenates from IBV-positive chickens. In conclusion, this survey clearly demonstrates that several strains of IBV are prevalent in poultry flocks in Pakistan. By utilizing such diagnostic techniques it is possible to conduct a detailed epidemiological study to determine the full economic impact of this disease.

Key Words: chicken • infectious bronchitis virus • Pakistan






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