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Influence of Dietary Phytic Acid and Source of Microbial Phytase on Ileal Endogenous Amino Acid Flows in Broiler Chickens

A. J. Cowieson^*, V. Ravindran^,1 and P. H. Selle

^* Danisco Animal Nutrition, Marlborough, Wiltshire, SN8 1XN, UK; Institute of Food, Nutrition and Human Health, Massey University, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand; and Faculty of Veterinary Science, The University of Sydney, Camden, New South Wales 2570, Australia

¹ Corresponding author: v.ravindran{at}massey.ac.nz

The effects of phytic acid and 2 sources of exogenous phytase (bacterial vs. fungal) on the flow of endogenous amino acids at the terminal ileum of broilers were assessed using the enzyme-hydrolyzed casein method. Phytic acid (as the sodium salt) was included in a purified diet at 8.5 and 14.5 g/kg, and each diet was fed without or with a fungal (Aspergillus niger-derived) or a bacterial (Escherichia coli-derived) microbial phytase at 500 phytase units/kg of diet. Increasing the concentration of phytic acid in the diet from 8.5 to 14.5 g/kg increased (P < 0.001) the flow of all measured amino acids by an average of 68%, with a range from 17% for proline to 145% for phenylalanine. The flow of endogenous aspartic acid, serine, glutamic acid, glycine, leucine, tyrosine, phenylalanine, and histidine were increased by more than the mean, indicating changes in the composition of endogenous protein in response to the presence of higher concentrations of phytic acid. Supplementation of both phytases reduced (P < 0.001) the flow of endogenous amino acids, but the reduction (P = 0.06) was greater for the bacterial phytase compared with the fungal phytase. These data suggest that a substantial part of the amino acid and energy responses observed following phytase supplementation in broiler chickens stems from reduced endogenous amino acid flows and that the capacity of different phytases to counteract the antinutritive properties of phytic acid vary.

Key Words: broiler • endogenous amino acid flow • phytic acid • microbial phytase