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Behavior of Laying Hens on Alfalfa Crumble Molt Diets

C. S. Dunkley^*,1, T. H. Friend, J. L. McReynolds, W. K. Kim^*,2, K. D. Dunkley^*, L. F. Kubena, D. J. Nisbet and S. C Ricke^*,3,4

^* Texas A&M University, Department of Poultry Science, College Station, TX 77843-2472; Texas A&M University, Department of Animal Science, College Station, TX 77843-2471; and USDA-Agricultural Research Service, Southern Plains Agricultural Research Center, Food and Feed Safety Research Unit, College Station, TX 77845

⁴ Corresponding author: sricke{at}uark.edu

Several dietary alternatives to feed withdrawal have been proposed to induce a molt in laying hens. This study compared the behavior of laying hens on an alfalfa crumble diet (ALC) to hens that were either on a conventional layer diet (FF) or hens that had feed withdrawn (FW) during a 9-d trial. Each treatment consisted of 24 hens (3 hens per battery cage), and treatment began after a 2-week acclimation period. Video cameras connected to a digital multiplexer recorded the behavior of the hens. The percentages of observations performing nonnutritive pecking, feeder activity, drinking, walking, preening, head movement, and aggression were quantified for two 10-min periods at daily intervals. The FF hens spent significantly more (P 0.05) time drinking than the other treatments, whereas FW hens displayed the most head movements. From d 1 through 7, FW hens walked less than ALC hens except on d 8 when FW hens walked more than ALC and FF hens. On d 4 and 6, the FW hens spent an increased amount of time preening compared with FF hens until the last few days of the molt period. For the most part, FW hens generally displayed more nonnutritive pecking than ALC and FF hens throughout the molt period. However, FW hen visits to the feeders declined as the trial proceeded, whereas ALC and FF hens generally spent more time at the feeder. In summary, the ALC diet showed potential as an alternative to FW for inducing a molt in laying hens based on reduced nonnutritive pecking behavior, head movements, and greater feeding activity.

Key Words: behavior • alfalfa crumble • laying hen • molt

¹ Current address: University of Georgia, Department of Poultry Science, P.O. Box 748, Tifton, GA 31794.

² Current address: University of California Los Angeles, Department of Cardiology, School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA 90025.

³ Current address: University of Arkansas, Center for Food Safety and Department of Food Science, 2650 N. Young Ave., Fayetteville, AR 72704.