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Intestinal Cytokine Response of Commercial Source Broiler Chicks to Salmonella Typhimurium Infection

Y. O. Fasina^*,1, P. S. Holt, E. T. Moran^*, R. W. Moore, D. E. Conner^* and S. R. McKee^*

^* Department of Poultry Science, Auburn University, 260 Lem Morrison Drive, Auburn, AL 36849-5416; and USDA-ARS, Egg Safety & Quality Research Unit, Russell Research Center, 950 College Station Road, Athens, GA 30605

¹ Corresponding author: fasinyo{at}auburn.edu

Development of molecular-based immunotherapeutic strategies for controlling Salmonella Typhimurium (ST) infection in poultry requires a better understanding of intestinal and cecal cytokine responses. Accordingly, an experiment was conducted to measure changes in intestinal cytokine expression when commercial source broiler chickens were challenged with a nalidixic acid-resistant ST. Ross broiler chicks were nonchallenged with ST (control treatment) or challenged by orally giving 7.8 x 10⁶ cfu at 4 d of age (STC treatment). Each treatment consisted of 4 replicate pens with 14 chicks per pen. Expression levels of proinflammatory cytokines, interferon-, and antiinflammatory interleukin (IL)-10 were determined at 5 and 10 d postchallenge (PC). Intestinal flushes were also collected from each treatment at 7 d PC to estimate IgA and IgG. Results showed an upregulation in IL-1β mRNA in STC chicks at 5 d PC. By 10 d PC, the expression of IL-1β was further increased and accompanied by an upregulation of IL-6 and interferon- mRNA, whereas IL-10 mRNA expression decreased. It was concluded that ST induced an intestinal mucosal inflammatory response in commercial source broiler chicks less than 2 wk of age.

Key Words: cytokine • Salmonella Typhimurium • intestine • commercial-type broiler chick