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Effects of Yeast Culture in Broiler Diets on Performance and Immunomodulatory Functions

J. Gao^*, H. J. Zhang^*, S. H. Yu, S. G. Wu^*, I. Yoon, J. Quigley, Y. P. Gao and G. H. Qi^*,1

^* Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China; College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China; and Diamond V Mills Inc., Cedar Rapids, IA 52407-4570

¹ Corresponding author: qiguanghai{at}mail.caas.net.cn or qgh{at}publicb.bta.net.cn

A study was conducted to evaluate the effect of supplemental yeast culture (Diamond V XP Yeast Culture; YC) in broiler diets on performance, digestibility, mucosal development, and immunomodulatory functions. One-day-old Arbor Acres chicks (n = 960) were randomly assigned to 1 of 4 dietary treatments based on corn and soybean meal and containing 0, 2.5, 5.0, and 7.5 g/kg of YC in the diet for 42 d. Each treatment consisted of 12 replicates of 20 broilers each. Nutrient digestibility was determined on d 15 and 35 by total fecal collection. On d 21 and 42, 12 birds per treatment were sacrificed to evaluate gut morphology and secretory IgA. Broilers were vaccinated with Newcastle disease vaccine by eye drop on d 7 and 28 and antibody titer was determined on d 14, 21, 35, and 42. Dietary supplemental YC at 2.5 g/kg improved average daily gain and feed conversion during grower and overall periods (P 0.05). Yeast culture supplementation increased digestibility of Ca (linear and quadratic, P = 0.01) and P (linear, P = 0.01) on d 35, but did not affect (P > 0.05) protein retention and energy digestibility. Villus height to crypt depth ratios in the duodenum and jejunum (d 42) and ileum (d 21) were increased (P 0.05) in broilers fed 2.5 g/kg of YC. Yeast culture increased antibody titers to Newcastle disease virus (linear, P 0.05), serum lysozyme activity (linear and cubic, P 0.05), and IgM (linear, P 0.05) and secretary IgA concentrations in the duodenum (linear, P = 0.01). Results of this study indicate that dietary supplemental YC at 2.5 g/kg improved growth performance. Dietary YC affected immune functions, digestibility of Ca and P, and intestinal mucosal morphology of broilers. Growth performance was optimized at 2.5 g/kg of YC in the present study. Immune function could be modified with dietary YC supplementation.

Key Words: yeast culture • broiler • immune function • mucosal morphology • digestibility

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