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Fate of Fusarenon-X in Broilers and Ducks

A. Poapolathep^*,1, S. Poapolathep^*, Y. Sugita-Konishi, K. Imsilp^*, T. Tassanawat, C. Sinthusing, Y. Itoh and S. Kumagai

^* Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand; The National Institute of Health Science, Tokyo 158-8501, Japan; Department of Companion Animal and Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand; and Department of Veterinary Public Health, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan

¹ Corresponding author: fvetamp{at}hotmail.com

In order to investigate the comparative fates and dispositions of fusarenon-X (FX) in broilers and ducks, FX was administered i.v. or orally (p.o.) to broilers and ducks. The FX and its metabolite (nivalenol, NIV) were determined in plasma and excreta using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The plasma concentrations of FX were determined up to 180 and 120 min in broilers and ducks, respectively, after i.v. and p.o. administration. The NIV was eliminated more slowly than its parent compound. The FX disposition fit an open 2-compartment pharmacokinetic model in broilers and ducks. The elimination half-life (t_1/2β) of FX was longer in ducks than in broilers. The elimination rate constant (kel) was higher in broilers than in ducks, whereas the oral bioavailability of FX was higher in ducks than in broilers. The gas chromatography-mass spectrometry profile in plasma showed that a large proportion of FX was recovered as NIV after administration of FX in both broilers and ducks. In vitro incubation of liver microsomal and cytosolic fractions with FX demonstrated that the liver and kidney are capable of the FX-to-NIV conversion. Thus, this study demonstrated that FX is absorbed more efficiently in ducks than in broilers, whereas it is eliminated more slowly in ducks than in broiler chickens. Consequently, the toxicity would have more serious consequences in ducks rather than broilers.

Key Words: fate • fusarenon-X • nivalenol • broiler • duck