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Evaluation of an Experimental Chlorate Product as a Preslaughter Feed Supplement to Reduce Salmonella in Meat-Producing Birds¹

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, Southern Plains Agricultural Research Center, Food and Feed Safety Research Unit, 2881 F & B Road, College Station, TX 77845

² Corresponding author: Allen.Byrd{at}ars.usda.gov

A study was conducted to evaluate the effect of experimental chlorate product (ECP) feed supplementation on Salmonella Typhimurium (ST) in the crop and ceca of market-age broilers. In trial 1, 160 market-age broilers were randomly assigned to 8 treatment groups and replicated twice, with 20 broilers per pen for 1 wk. Trial 2 used the same design, but used 80 market-age broilers with 10 broilers per pen. Treatments were as follows: 1) control feed + double-distilled drinking water (dd H₂O); 2) control + 18.5% experimental zeolite carrier with dd H₂O; 3 to 7) control feed supplemented with 0.5, 1.0, 5.0, 10.0, or 18.5% of a feed grade ECP + dd H₂O; 8) control feed + 1x ECP (0.16% w/v; containing 15 mM chlorate ion equivalent) added to dd H₂O. Seven-week-old broilers were provided experimental treatments for 7 d, killed, and then ceca and crops were removed and evaluated for ST. Broilers fed 5 to 18.5% ECP or water ECP had a significantly lower (P < 0.05) incidence of ST in the crop (36 to 38% and 14%, respectively) when compared with the control (60%). Broilers fed 10% ECP or water ECP had significantly lower ST crop concentrations (1.03 log₁₀ and 0.38 log₁₀ ST/g, respectively) when compared with broilers fed a control diet (1.54 log₁₀ ST/g). Crop and ceca ST incidence (32 to 48%) and concentration (1.00 to 1.82 log₁₀ ST/g) were significantly lower in broilers fed 5 to 18.5% ECP as compared with the control (78%; 2.84 log₁₀ ST/g). Broilers fed 5% or greater ECP had significantly higher water consumption (380 to 580 mL water/d) and litter moisture (31 to 56%) when compared with the control (370 mL water/d; 23% moisture). Only broilers fed 18.5% ECP had significantly lower 7-wk BW (2.77 kg of BW) when compared with the controls (3.09 kg of BW). Average daily gains were significantly depressed in broilers fed 10 or 18.5% ECP compared with the controls. These results indicate broilers supplemented with feed 5% ECP or water ECP 7 d before slaughter reduced ST without affecting growth parameters.

Key Words: broiler • experimental chlorate product • Salmonella • performance

¹ Use of trade names in this publication does not imply endorsement by the USDA of these products, nor similar ones not mentioned.

³ Present address: Matthew R. Burnham, Jones County Junior College, Department of Biological Sciences, Ellisville, MS 39437.