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Densitometric and biochemical values of broiler tibias at different ages

F. R. Barreiro^*,1, A. L. Sagula^*, O. M. Junqueira, G. T. Pereira and S. M. Baraldi-Artoni^*

^* Department of Animal Morphology and Physiology, Department of Animal Sciences, and Department of Statistical Analysis, Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho," Jaboticabal, São Paulo 14870-000, Brazil

¹ Corresponding author: barreiro_vet{at}yahoo.com.br

The objective of this experiment was to determine the normal values of bone radiographic density (BRD) by using the optical densitometry in radiographic images and the biochemical values represented by serum calcium, ash percentage, and minerals (calcium, phosphorus, and magnesium) from tibia ash of Cobb broilers at 8, 22, and 43 d of age. A total of 14 broilers were used for densitometric analysis, and 15 were used for biochemical dosages. The BRD values increased (P < 0.05) with age and in all tibia regions (proximal epiphysis, diaphysis, and distal epiphysis), concluding that growth was a determinative factor for bone performance, demanding a higher BRD during broiler development. Tibia proximal epiphysis presented higher BRD values in relation to the other bone regions (P < 0.05), as a result of a possible biomechanical adaptation to ligaments and tension of the muscle tendons at this region, allowing the support of the muscle mass increase. The serum calcium values were kept constant, as a result of the appropriate nutritional levels of the diet that supported the animal homeostasis. The bone ash and mineral percentage increased (P < 0.05) at 22 d of age, due to the higher mineral requirement in this age. The correlation between bone densitometry and the invasive techniques showed that the bone densitometry can substitute the determination of mineral percentage in the ash. This experiment presented normal values of the noninvasive and invasive methods more used in aviculture, allowing us to compare, subsequently, pathological and physiological values or results of broilers fed with different diets.

Key Words: bone ash • bone mineral density • broiler • serum calcium • tibia