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Genetic mapping of quantitative trait loci affecting growth and carcass traits in F₂ intercross chickens

Y. Uemoto^*,1, S. Sato^*, S. Odawara^*, H. Nokata^*, Y. Oyamada^*, Y. Taguchi^*, S. Yanai^*, O. Sasaki, H. Takahashi, K. Nirasawa and E. Kobayashi^*

^* National Livestock Breeding Center, Nishigo, Fukushima 961-8511, Japan; and National Institute of Livestock and Grassland Science, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0901, Japan

¹ Corresponding author: y0uemoto{at}nlbc.go.jp

We constructed a chicken F₂ resource population to facilitate the genetic improvement of economically important traits, particularly growth and carcass traits. An F₂ population comprising 240 chickens obtained by crossing a Shamo (lean, lightweight Japanese native breed) male and White Plymouth Rock breed (fat, heavyweight broiler) females was measured for BW, carcass weight (CW), abdominal fat weight (AFW), breast muscle weight (BMW), and thigh muscle weight (TMW) and was used for genome-wide linkage and QTL analysis, using a total of 240 microsatellite markers. A total of 14 QTL were detected at a 5% chromosome-wide level, and 7 QTL were significant at a 5% experiment-wide level for the traits evaluated in the F₂ population. For growth traits, significant and suggestive QTL affecting BW (measured at 6 and 9 wk) and average daily gain were identified on similar regions of chromosomes 1 and 3. For carcass traits, the QTL effects on CW were detected on chromosomes 1 and 3, with the greatest F-ratio of 15.0 being obtained for CW on chromosome 3. Quantitative trait loci positions affecting BMW and TMW were not detected at the same loci as those detected for BMW percentage of CW and TMW percentage of CW. For AFW, QTL positions were detected at the same loci as those detected for AFW percentage of CW. The present study identified significant QTL affecting BW, CW, and AFW.

Key Words: genome scan • quantitative trait locus • chicken • growth trait • carcass trait