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Use of water-based foam to depopulate ducks and other species

E. R. Benson^*,1, R. L. Alphin, M. D. Dawson^* and G. W. Malone

^* Department of Bioresources Engineering, and Department of Animal and Food Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark 19716

¹ Corresponding author: ebenson{at}udel.edu

Current control strategies for avian influenza virus, exotic Newcastle disease, and other highly virulent poultry diseases often include surveillance, quarantine, depopulation, disposal, and disinfection. On-farm depopulation and disposal methods reduce potential movement of virus and improve biosecurity. Water-based foam depopulation was developed as a potential alternative mass emergency poultry depopulation procedure. The use of water-based foam is conditionally approved by the USDA Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service for use with floor-reared birds. This study reports on the use of water-based foam to depopulate other species including call ducks, chukars, Pekin ducks, and Japanese quail. Foam caused a rapid onset of airway occlusion. Although all species tested were depopulated with water-based foam, the time to cessation of activity varied by species, with quail being faster than chukars, broilers, and ducks.

Key Words: chukar • Japanese quail • duck • euthanasia • foam