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Mitochondrial proton leak kinetics and relationship with feed efficiency within a single genetic line of male broilers¹

W. Bottje^*,2, M. D. Brand^*,3, C. Ojano-Dirain^*,4, K. Lassiter^*, M. Toyomizu^*,5 and T. Wing

^* Department of Poultry Science, Center of Excellence for Poultry Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville 72701; and Cobb-Vantress Inc., Siloam Springs, AR 72761-1030

² Corresponding author: wbottje{at}uark.edu

Studies were conducted to assess proton leak kinetics (proton conductance) in breast muscle mitochondria isolated from broiler breeder males within a single genetic line exhibiting either high (HFE) or low (LFE) feed efficiency. Proton leak kinetics were determined by simultaneously measuring mitochondrial membrane potential and state 2 (resting) respiration rate in breast muscle mitochondria as succinate oxidation was progressively decreased by malonate. Control proton conductance was similar in HFE and LFE mitochondria and decreased to a similar extent in both groups in response to BSA. Although treatment of mitochondria with Glu or guanosine diphosphate had no effect, retinal increased and carboxyatractylate alone or in combination with Glu decreased proton conductance relative to control proton conductance in both HFE and LFE mitochondria. After treatment with either guanosine diphosphate or carboxyatractylate alone, proton conductance was lower in HFE compared with LFE mitochondria. With the exception of BSA, proton conductance in HFE mitochondria after the various chemical treatments was either less than or equal to, and never greater than, proton conductance in the LFE mitochondria. The results suggest that there are subtle differences in membrane characteristics (e.g., lipids, integral membrane proteins) that affect proton conductance in broiler muscle mitochondria that may in turn play a role in the phenotypic expression of feed efficiency.

Key Words: broiler • feed efficiency • mitochondria • proton leak kinetics

¹ This research is published with support by the director of the Agricultural Research Experiment Station, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville.

³ Present address: Buck Institute for Age Research, 8001 Redwood Blvd., Novato, CA 94945.

⁴ Present address: Mitochondrial Disease Research Laboratory, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville 32611.

⁵ Present address: Science of Biological Function, Life Science, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, 1-1 Tsutsumidori-Amamiyamachi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 981-8555, Japan.